Biology
Induction of an adaptive immune response and its maintenance in the memory phase forms the basis of lasting protective immunity against infectious diseases and provides clue for successful vaccination. After receiving help from CD4 T cells, pathogen-specific CD8 T cells are appropriately activated to control the spread of intracellular pathogens such as viruses. Animal models are used to investigate host-pathogen interaction. For studying the function and differentiation of adaptive T and B cell